HISTORY OF DESIGN

 COURSE: HISTORY OF DESIGN

   WATCHES

                                My object

The history of watches predates the time when they are said to have been created. In my investigation, I discovered that the origins of watches may be traced to Europe in the 16th century, where they developed from the portable spring-driven clocks that first appeared there in the 15th. From the 16th century to the middle of the 20th century, engineers and innovators created the mechanical watch. The quartz watch, which used a quartz crystal that vibrated to keep time, was created in the 1960s. Mechanical watches lost market share to quartz timepieces in the 1980s.

•CLOCK WATCH: 

An early timepiece that was allegedly made by Peter Henlein around 1505. These "clock-watches" were worn around the neck or attached to garments. They were ornately etched, heavy brass boxes with a cylindrical shape like a drum that were several inches in diameter.

•POCKET WATCH:

Men started putting their watches in their pockets in the 17th century rather than wearing them as pendants (women's watches were still worn as pendants into the 20th century). The introduction of waistcoats by Charles II of England is credited with causing this in 1675.

•BALANCE SPRING:

Christiaan Huygens created one of his early balancing springs and hooked it to a balance wheel.

The balance spring was added to the balance wheel in 1657, which resulted in a significant improvement in accuracy.

•TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION AND CHRONOMETERS:

Earnshaw's conventional chronometer detent escapement diagram

It was discovered that changes in the balance spring's elasticity with temperature changes was a significant contributor to errors in balance wheel watches. The bimetallic temperature compensated balance wheel, created in 1765 by Pierre Le Roy and modified by Thomas Earnshaw, provided a solution to this issue.

•MASS PRODUCTION:

Georges-Auguste Leschot (1800–1844) of Vacheron Constantin in Geneva created an anchor escapement, which his student Antoine Léchaud later mass-produced. Additionally, he created the pantograph, which enabled some degree of part standardisation and interchangeability on watches using the same calibre.

•WRISTWATCH:

Men wore pocketwatches until the early 20th century; wristwatches were nearly exclusively worn by women from the start. The very first timepieces were created in the 16th century, which is when the wristwatch concept first emerged. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, men in the military were the first to wear wristwatches.

•ELECTRIC WRISTWATCH

The 1950s saw the introduction of the first electric-powered timepieces. With the help of a solenoid-driven balance wheel, these kept time.

•QUARTZ WATCH:

Epson, a Seiko subsidiary and the "brain" behind the quartz revolution, received an order from Seiko in 1959 for the development of a quartz wristwatch. The quartz watch was a breakthrough advance in watch technology when it was introduced in 1969.

•RADIO CONTROLLED WRISTWATCH:

The first radio-controlled wristwatch, the MEGA 1, was made available by Junghans in 1990.

•ATOMIC WRISTWATCH:

The first watch with an internal atomic clock was the Cesium 133 Atomic Watch, which Bathys Hawaii unveiled in 2013. John Patterson, the CEO of Bathys, created the watch.

•SMARTWATCH:

A smartwatch is a computer that can be used as a phone, portable music player, or personal digital assistant. It is a wireless digital device that is worn on the wrist.

Conclusion:

I personally think, that smart watches are the future of time because there a lot of room for improvement and development. 

No amount of wealth or power can buy time, time is the ultimate human resource and hence further generations will not face any problems.

THANK YOU.

CITATIONS:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_watches

https://www.watchonista.com/articles/novelties/history-writing -dead hi-tech 

NAME: DHVANI BILALA

ROLL NO.: 22BDC004